PREDISPOSING FACTORS AND CLINICAL APPROACHES IN RECURRENCE OF OSTEOMYELITIS OF THE JAWS

Abstract

DOI: https://doi.org/10.46296/gt.v8i15.0230

Introduction: Identifying risk factors for recurrence of maxillary osteomyelitis is a complex challenge due to the heterogeneity of the disease and variability in predisposing factors. Comorbidities such as diabetes, cancer, and renal disease, as well as local factors such as odontogenic infections and previous treatments, have been associated with increased risk. In addition, antibiotic resistance, the use of immunosuppressive drugs and radiation further complicate the management of this pathology. Lack of consensus in clinical approaches and variability in treatment duration make it difficult to assess long-term outcomes. Objectives: To preliminarily evaluate recent scientific evidence on factors predisposing to recurrence of osteomyelitis of the jaws and the clinical approaches used to prevent and treat it. Materials and methods: a systematic review of the literature available in databases such as PubMed, Science Direct and the Google Scholar search engine was carried out. Articles that met the preset inclusion-exclusion criteria were selected. Seven articles were chosen in the final review. Conclusions: Recurrent maxillary osteomyelitis is a chronic infection of the maxillary bone caused mainly by bacteria and fungi. Factors such as trauma, dental extractions, diabetes, and COVID-19 increase the risk. Biofilm formation makes treatment difficult. The clinical approach combines surgery and antibiotics, but recurrence is common. The mandible and maxilla may be affected depending on the infectious agent.

Keywords: osteomyelitis, chronic, maxilla, recurrent, predisposing factors, clinical approach.